build & ci: update to NDK r27c API level 29

Update to the latest LTS version NDK r27c (27.2.12479018),
the previous NDK are unsupported by Google, see:
https://developer.android.com/ndk/downloads

A build with NDK r27c and API level < 29 returns this error:
"executable's TLS segment is underaligned: alignment is 8 (skew 0), needs to be at least 64 for ARM64 Bionic"

Update the API level to 29 to use the native ELF LTS and avoid the error:
https://android.googlesource.com/platform/bionic/+/HEAD/docs/elf-tls.md
https://android.googlesource.com/platform/bionic/+/HEAD/android-changes-for-ndk-developers.md#elf-tls-available-for-api-level-29

A dynamic link build of Stockfish uses these libraries:

ldd stockfish-android-armv8-dynamic-api35
        libm.so => /system/lib64/libm.so
        libdl.so => /system/lib64/libdl.so
        libc.so => /system/lib64/libc.so
        ld-android.so => /system/lib64/ld-android.so

ld-android.so : the dynamic linker used by Android (on Linux is named ld-linux.so),
                responsible for loading and linking shared libraries into an executable at runtime.
libdl.so      : interface/library layer that provides function for dynamic loading,
                relies on the underlying functionality provided by the dynamic linker
libm.so       : math library for Android
libc.so       : standard C library for Android

References:
Doc for native (C/C++) API
https://developer.android.com/ndk/guides/stable_apis

C libraries (libc, libm, libdl):
https://developer.android.com/ndk/guides/stable_apis#c_library

Bionic changes with API levels:
https://android.googlesource.com/platform/bionic/+/HEAD/docs/status.md

NDK r27c build system:
https://android.googlesource.com/platform/ndk/+/ndk-r27-release/docs/BuildSystemMaintainers.md

CI: Update to NDK r27c (27.2.12479018), the default version in GitHub runner,
to switch to a recent clang 18.

A PGO build requires static linking, because the NDK doesn't ship
the Android loaders (linker/linker64), see:
https://groups.google.com/g/android-ndk/c/3Ep6zD3xxSY

The API level should not be an issue when distributing a static build,
use the API 29, the oldest one not affected by the LTS alignement issue.

closes https://github.com/official-stockfish/Stockfish/pull/6081

No functional change

src/Makefile

@@ -533,14 +533,12 @@ ifeq ($(KERNEL),Darwin)
 	XCRUN = xcrun
 endif
 
-# To cross-compile for Android, NDK version r21 or later is recommended.
-# In earlier NDK versions, you'll need to pass -fno-addrsig if using GNU binutils.
-# Currently we don't know how to make PGO builds with the NDK yet.
+# To cross-compile for Android, use NDK version r27c or later.
 ifeq ($(COMP),ndk)
-	CXXFLAGS += -stdlib=libc++ -fPIE
+	CXXFLAGS += -stdlib=libc++
 	comp=clang
 	ifeq ($(arch),armv7)
-		CXX=armv7a-linux-androideabi16-clang++
+		CXX=armv7a-linux-androideabi29-clang++
 		CXXFLAGS += -mthumb -march=armv7-a -mfloat-abi=softfp -mfpu=neon
 		ifneq ($(shell which arm-linux-androideabi-strip 2>/dev/null),)
 			STRIP=arm-linux-androideabi-strip
@@ -549,7 +547,7 @@ ifeq ($(COMP),ndk)
 		endif
 	endif
 	ifeq ($(arch),armv8)
-		CXX=aarch64-linux-android21-clang++
+		CXX=aarch64-linux-android29-clang++
 		ifneq ($(shell which aarch64-linux-android-strip 2>/dev/null),)
 			STRIP=aarch64-linux-android-strip
 		else
@@ -557,14 +555,14 @@ ifeq ($(COMP),ndk)
 		endif
 	endif
 	ifeq ($(arch),x86_64)
-		CXX=x86_64-linux-android21-clang++
+		CXX=x86_64-linux-android29-clang++
 		ifneq ($(shell which x86_64-linux-android-strip 2>/dev/null),)
 			STRIP=x86_64-linux-android-strip
 		else
 			STRIP=llvm-strip
 		endif
 	endif
-	LDFLAGS += -static-libstdc++ -pie -lm -latomic
+	LDFLAGS += -static-libstdc++
 endif
 
 ### Allow overwriting CXX from command line